Nkuko bizwi, ikintu cya mbere kubatangiye gutembera hanze ni kugura ibikoresho, kandi uburambe bwo gutembera neza ntibushobora gutandukana nigikapu cyiza kandi gifatika.
Hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bwo gutembera mu gikapu kiboneka ku isoko, ntabwo bitangaje kuba bishobora kuba byinshi kuri benshi. Uyu munsi, nzatanga ubuyobozi burambuye kuburyo bwo guhitamo igikapu cyiza cyo gutembera nuburyo bwo kwirinda imitego ifitanye isano nayo.
Intego yo gutembera mu gikapu
Isakoshi yo gutembera ni isakoshi igizwe na asisitemu yo gutwara, sisitemu yo gupakira, hamwe na sisitemu yo gushiraho. Iremera gupakira ibikoresho nibikoresho bitandukanye muri youbushobozi bwo gutwara ibiro, nk'amahema, imifuka yo kuryama, ibiryo, nibindi byinshi. Hamwe nimifuka yuzuye yo gutembera, abakerarugendo barashobora kwishimira augereranije nezauburambe mugihe cyiminsi myinshi.
Intandaro yo gutembera mu gikapu: Sisitemu yo gutwara
Isakoshi nziza yo gutembera, ifatanije nuburyo bukwiye bwo kwambara, irashobora gukwirakwiza neza uburemere bwigikapu ahantu hepfo yikibuno, bityo bikagabanya umuvuduko wigitugu numutwaro kumugongo. Ibi biterwa na sisitemu yo gutwara ibikapu.
1. Ibitugu by'ibitugu
Kimwe mu bintu bitatu by'ingenzi bigize sisitemu yo gutwara. Ubushobozi buke bwo gutembera ibikapu mubisanzwe byashimangiye kandi bwagutse imishumi yigitugu kugirango itange inkunga nziza mugihe cyurugendo rurerure. Ariko, ubu hariho ibirango byibanda kumifuka yoroheje kandi byashyize mubikorwa ibikoresho byoroheje kubitugu byigitugu. Kwibutsa hano ni uko mbere yo kugura igikapu cyoroheje cyo gutembera, ni byiza ko ubanza koroshya imitwaro yawe mbere yo gutanga itegeko.
2. Umukandara
Kimwe mu bintu bitatu by'ingenzi bigize sisitemu yo gutwara. Ubushobozi buke bwo gutembera ibikapu mubisanzwe byashimangiye kandi bwagutse imishumi yigitugu kugirango itange inkunga nziza mugihe cyurugendo rurerure. Ariko, ubu hariho ibirango byibanda kumifuka yoroheje kandi byashyize mubikorwa ibikoresho byoroheje kubitugu byigitugu. Kwibutsa hano ni uko mbere yo kugura igikapu cyoroheje cyo gutembera, ni byiza ko ubanza koroshya imitwaro yawe mbere yo gutanga itegeko.
3. Umwanya winyuma
Umwanya winyuma wibikapu byo gutembera mubusanzwe bikozwe muri aluminiyumu cyangwa fibre ya karubone. Kumunsi wiminsi myinshi yo gutembera ibikapu, ikibaho cyinyuma gikunze gukoreshwa mugutanga inkunga ningirakamaro, bigatuma iba kimwe mubice byingenzi bigize sisitemu yo gutwara. Umwanya winyuma ugira uruhare runini mukubungabunga imiterere nuburyo bwimifuka, kwemeza ihumure no kugabana ibiro neza mugihe cyo gutembera kure.
4. Fata imizigo ihamye
Imitwaro ya stabilisateur imizigo ku gikapu cyo gutembera akenshi birengagizwa nabatangiye. Iyi mishumi ningirakamaro muguhindura hagati ya gravit no kubuza igikapu kugukurura inyuma. Iyo bimaze guhindurwa neza, imizigo itwara imizigo iremeza ko kugabana ibiro muri rusange guhuza nigikorwa cyumubiri wawe mugihe cyo gutembera, byongera uburinganire n'umutekano murugendo rwawe.
5. Igituza
Igituza cyo mu gatuza nikindi kintu cyingenzi abantu benshi bakunda kwirengagiza. Mugihe cyo gutembera hanze, abakerarugendo bamwe ntibashobora guhambira igituza. Ariko, igira uruhare runini mukubungabunga umutekano no kuringaniza, cyane cyane iyo uhuye nubutumburuke bwimuka buhindura hagati yububasha bwinyuma. Kwizirika ku gituza bifasha kurinda igikapu mu mwanya, birinda ihinduka ritunguranye mu kugabana ibiro hamwe n’impanuka zishobora gutembera.
Hano hari intambwe zo gutwara neza igikapu
1. Hindura ikibaho cyinyuma: Niba igikapu kibyemerera, hindura ikibaho cyinyuma kugirango uhuze imiterere yumubiri wawe mbere yo gukoresha.
2. Fungura igikapu: Shyira uburemere imbere mu gikapu kugirango wigane umutwaro nyirizina uzatwara mugihe cyo kugenda.
3. Wishimire buhoro: Shyira umubiri wawe imbere gato hanyuma ushyire mu gikapu.
4. Komeza umukandara wikibuno: Fata kandi uhambire umukandara wikibuno uzengurutse ikibuno cyawe, urebe ko hagati yumukandara ushyizwe kumagufwa yawe. Umukandara ugomba gukwega ariko ntukomere cyane.
5. Kenyera imishumi yigitugu: Hindura imishumi yigitugu kugirango uburemere bwibikapu bwegere umubiri wawe, ureke uburemere bwimuke neza mubibuno byawe. Irinde kubikurura cyane.
6. Funga igituza cyigituza: Fata kandi uhindure igituza cyigituza kugirango ube kurwego rumwe namaboko yawe. Bikwiye kuba bifunze bihagije kugirango uhagarike igikapu ariko bikemerera guhumeka neza.
7. Hindura hagati yububasha bwa rukuruzi: Koresha hagati yumurongo woguhindura imbaraga kugirango uhuze neza aho igikapu gihagaze, urebe ko kidakanda kumutwe kandi kigana imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-03-2023